Participatory Science: The Key to Conservation

Participatory science, also called citizen science (website in French), is a way for outdoor enthusiasts to contribute to research. No need to be a scientific researcher to do your part! All you need is a keen interest in nature and spending time outside.

With birds or whales, every observation counts and is crucial for the advancement of research. A number of citizen science projects (website in French) exist in Quebec: it’s just a matter of finding the topic that most interests you. By recording and reporting what you have seen, large databases are compiled and used, notably by scientists who use them in their research projects. These data are also sometimes used as a means of raising awareness and facilitating the implementation of conservation measures.

If you live near the St. Lawrence and spend a lot of time on its shores or its choppy waters, it might be worthwhile to report your sightings in the data entry tool for marine mammal observations. This tool was implemented in 2021 by several partners, including the Marine Mammal Observation Network (MMON).

“Observations by members have provided input for maps illustrating on the presence and patterns of certain species,” mentions Mélissa Martel. These maps are now found in guides created for the fishing sector and the maritime industry. Because these are “open” data, the database is also requested by and made available to certain research organizations, adds Mélissa.

Before trying your hand at data reporting, however, it is recommended to complete two short training courses that are both simple and free of charge. The boater’s training explains the various boating regulations when whales are present in proximity, while the whalewatcher’s training (English version forthcoming) provides tips and tricks for identifying marine mammals.

As citizens, you are the eyes of the Quebec Marine Mammal Emergency Response Network (QMMERN) in the field. When you observe an entangled whale or a seal carcass on a beach, contact the Marine Mammal Emergencies call centre immediately. Mobile teams and volunteers will then take the necessary actions depending on the situation.

If carcasses are discovered quickly enough, they can be used for research and provide insight into the population dynamics of these large mammals. Additionally, each report is recorded in a database, which allows scientists to track the number of carcasses recovered from year to year. This is the case for the St. Lawrence beluga, which has been monitored for 40 years now.

It is also possible to volunteer for QMMERN and get involved directly in the field. What exactly does that entail? Taking photos of stranded animals, informing curious onlookers during interventions, taking measurements and establishing a security perimeter. For any questions or interest in teaming up with QMMERN, you can write to [email protected].

It is important to mention that no intervention should be attempted on marine mammals that you find on shore or adrift. There are risks, both for the animal and for you. Unless otherwise specified, your involvement ends as soon as QMMERN opens a case. If you happen upon an animal in a vulnerable situation, contact 1-877-722-5346.