Destination Azores with Expedition Glacialis (Part 2 of 2: The Science)

In the course of our travels, all encounters were documented using the data compilation software Mysticetus. This program can notably be used to map out one’s observations and to link different types of data (acoustic, photos, etc.) to each other. We also made use of photo-identification. This method is a non-invasive technique to identify a given individual through photos. Each photo is carefully examined to pick out the individual’s most noteworthy physical characteristics (dorsal fin, colour pattern of the caudal fin or body, scars, etc.) in an effort to identify it. It can then be matched with an already known individual and/or recognized in a future encounter. These data can later be used to better understand the distribution, migratory movements or social structure of populations. The images collected in the Azores were therefore shared with research organizations studying cetaceans in the archipelago and beyond.

What is environmental DNA? This is the DNA left behind by animals in their habitat. A water sample taken from a lake, for example, contains tiny bits of DNA from its inhabitants. By analyzing such a water sample, it is therefore theoretically possible to determine the species present and thereby assess the biodiversity of the environment. Expedition Glacialis partnered with the organization NatureMetrics to test this method. Our partner provided us with around ten sampling kits and will analyze our samples.

It goes without saying that we had to overcome many challenges during our time in the Azores. When one considers that Atlas is generally limited to 4 or 5 crew members, and that in addition to collecting data, we have to operate the craft, not to mention eat and sleep, it quickly becomes apparent that without adequate organization, the project simply cannot function! Each participant must therefore be assigned specific protocol-related tasks, in addition to taking turns cooking for the crew, sailing the vessel and allowing time to rest. Sure enough, the crew encountered a number of technical issues with some of the scientific equipment. Fortunately, we were able to rely on our partners to provide us with technical support so that data collection could be as seamless as possible. As they say, “When everything goes as planned, you learn nothing!”

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