{"id":50908,"date":"2016-03-01T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2016-03-01T00:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/baleinesendirect.org\/des-toxines-detectees-chez-les-mammiferes-marins-de-lalaska\/"},"modified":"2020-05-13T22:14:10","modified_gmt":"2020-05-13T22:14:10","slug":"toxins-detected-in-alaska-marine-mammals","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/baleinesendirect.org\/en\/toxins-detected-in-alaska-marine-mammals\/","title":{"rendered":"Toxins Detected in Alaska Marine Mammals"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Toxins produced by certain algae are present in Alaska&#8217;s food chain in concentrations high enough to be detected in many species of marine mammals. These were the findings of a study conducted by the US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration and its partners, which was recently published in the journal <em>Harmful Algae<\/em>. This is the first time that algal toxins have been detected in living marine mammals in a region so far north.<\/p>\n<p>Environmental changes taking place in the Arctic and Subarctic, including ocean warming and the disappearance of seasonal ice, may lead to increasingly frequent toxic algal blooms, also known as red tides, in these regions. Are the marine mammals that inhabit these regions already being exposed to toxins produced by certain algae? Researchers attempted to shed light on this question by studying the presence of two toxins \u2013 domoic acid and saxitoxin \u2013 in thirteen species of marine mammals in Alaska.<\/p>\n<p>The scientists took samples \u2013 mainly from the feces, urine, serum and stomach\/intestinal contents \u2013 from more than 900 individuals of marine mammals. Species studied included humpback whales, bowhead whales, belugas, harbour porpoises, northern fur seals, Steller sea lions, harbour seals, ringed seals, bearded seals, spotted seals, ribbon seals, Pacific walrus and sea otters.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/baleinesendirect.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/03\/Morsy_Jerzy-Strzelecki-1.jpg\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-18031\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright size-medium wp-image-18031\" src=\"http:\/\/baleinesendirect.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/03\/Morsy_Jerzy-Strzelecki-1-250x163.jpg\" alt=\"\u00a9 Jerzy Strzelecki\" \/><\/a>Domoic acid was detected in all 13 species studied. Meanwhile, saxitoxin was detected in 10 of the 13 species. The highest concentrations of both toxins were detected in Pacific walrus, with concentrations of domoic acid similar to those detected in California sea lions presenting clinical signs of intoxication off the California coast. Domoic acid was also detected in the fetuses of three species \u2013 belugas, harbour porpoises and Steller sea lions \u2013 demonstrating that this toxin can cross the placental barrier.<\/p>\n<p>This study demonstrates that both neurotoxins are already highly present in Alaska&#8217;s marine mammals. Are the current levels dangerous to their health? At the present time, it is impossible to answer this question. In the Gulf of Alaska, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.cbc.ca\/news\/canada\/british-columbia\/dead-whales-pacific-blob-1.3228268\">some thirty carcasses of great whales <\/a>were found in the summer of 2015, and scientists suspect poisoning from toxic algae, though no evidence has been reported to date. Given current and projected climate trends, algal toxins could become an increasingly important threat to the health of marine mammals living in the Arctic and Subarctic. The concentrations and prevalence of such toxins in marine mammals should be closely monitored.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Source:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>On the <em>Science Direct <\/em>site: <a href=\"http:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S1568988315301244\">Prevalence of algal toxins in Alaskan marine mammals foraging in a changing arctic and subarctic environment<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>To learn more:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>On <em>Phys.org<\/em>: <a href=\"http:\/\/phys.org\/news\/2016-02-algal-toxins-alaska-marine-mammals.html\">Testing detects algal toxins in Alaska marine mammals<\/a><\/p>\n<p>On <em>Whales Online:\u00a0<\/em><a href=\"http:\/\/baleinesendirect.org\/en\/how-can-microscopic-algae-kill-a-45-tonne-whale\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">How Can Microscopic Algae Kill a 45-tonne Whale?\u00a0<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>C\u2019est la premi\u00e8re fois que des toxines algales sont d\u00e9tect\u00e9es chez des mammif\u00e8res marins vivants dans une r\u00e9gion aussi nordique<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":19,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[18],"tags":[1572],"class_list":["post-50908","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news","tag-algues-toxiquesechouagenecropsie-en"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.6 - 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