{"id":50533,"date":"2020-04-14T12:53:54","date_gmt":"2020-04-14T12:53:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/baleinesendirect.org\/?p=50533"},"modified":"2020-06-24T16:52:29","modified_gmt":"2020-06-24T16:52:29","slug":"are-whales-affected-by-covid-19","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/baleinesendirect.org\/en\/are-whales-affected-by-covid-19\/","title":{"rendered":"Are whales affected by COVID-19?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>This question comes to us via our <a href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/baleinesendirect\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><em>Whales Online\u00a0<\/em>Facebook page<\/a>: Could the current COVID-19 pandemic affecting humans around the globe also have an impact on marine mammals?<\/p>\n<p>The question is a legitimate one. As we know, the agent responsible for COVID-19 is the SARS-CoV-2 virus, which belongs to the very large family of coronaviruses. However, certain coronaviruses can affect marine mammals. For example, traces of virus from this family have been found in seals, <a href=\"https:\/\/jvi.asm.org\/content\/82\/10\/5084%20\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">belugas <\/a>and <a href=\"https:\/\/jvi.asm.org\/content\/88\/2\/1318%20\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">dolphins <\/a>in captivity. In June 2010, around 20 wild seal carcasses found on the Californian coast were also \u00a0found to be carrying a coronavirus.<\/p>\n<p>However, in none of these cases was it possible to determine whether or not the virus was responsible for health issues or death. Additionally, the coronaviruses that affect marine mammals are not always those that affect humans&#8230; and vice versa! Thus, \u201cthere are currently no data on the potential susceptibility of marine mammals to the virus [responsible for COVID-19]\u201d, underscores Dr. St\u00e9phane Lair, professor at Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al\u2019s Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and director of the Centre qu\u00e9b\u00e9cois sur la sant\u00e9 des animaux.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Isolated cases of animal contamination<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The only data available relate to land mammals. Since the start of the pandemic, there have been a few isolated cases of animals carrying SARS-CoV2: two dogs in Hong Kong, a cat in Belgium and <a href=\"https:\/\/ici.radio-canada.ca\/nouvelle\/1691317\/virus-epidemie-animaux-infection-contamination-captivite-felins\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">several felines (tigers and lions) from the Bronx Zoo in New York<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>A <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/d41586-020-00984-8\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">preliminary scientific study conducted in China <\/a>\u00a0also showed that cats subjected to high doses of virus can be infected, which was not the case with other tested species (dog, duck, chicken and pig). However, both experimentally and in those cases that have made newspaper headlines, felines have not systematically developed symptoms.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cAs a rule, animals do not seem to be very prone to infection,\u201d explains Dr. Lair. As far as I am aware, the only animals experimentally inoculated to have developed clinical signs are domestic ferrets. It is assumed that primates are also sensitive due to their \u201cgenetic proximity\u201d to humans, but to my knowledge, cases have not yet been reported in this group.\u201d<\/p>\n<p><strong>Benefits of social distancing between humans and whales <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>However, to be infected, one must still be exposed to the virus, which, based on current knowledge, is believed to survive only a few hours to a few days outside of its host. As Dr. Lair points out, \u201csince transmission requires close proximity, it would be surprising if marine mammals could be naturally exposed.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Indeed, to date, animals carrying SARS-CoV-2 have been in close contact with a human infected him- or herself by COVID-19 (owner or caretaker). Consequently, thanks to their living environment and <a href=\"http:\/\/parcmarin.qc.ca\/protect\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">the distancing already imposed on human beingsfrequentingtheir environment<\/a>, the marine mammals of the St. Lawrence seem relatively immune to potential contamination, if it is even possible at all. \u201cIt is impossible to say that the risk is zero, but it is probably extremely low,\u201d concludes the researcher.<\/p>\n<p>The last uncertainty concerns possible contamination of a human by a marine mammal if the latter is infected with COVID-19. Currently, according to known scientific data, the probability of such an event appears ridiculously low; however, as a precautionary measure, the Quebec Marine Mammal Emergency Response Network recommends more than ever to maintain one\u2019s distance from marine mammals on the beaches.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Fewer boats = more whales?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>So whales are probably not affected by the pandemic currently wreaking havoc on the human world? It is likely that they are&#8230; except this time the impact is positive. Indeed, the slowdown in anthropogenic activities and the projected decrease in marine traffic could actually improve the living conditions of marine mammals and open up new territories for them. In the Mediterranean, dolphins have been observed in the ports of Sardinia, and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.francetvinfo.fr\/sante\/maladie\/coronavirus\/marseille-deux-rorquals-apercus-au-large-des-calanques-sans-doute-une-consequence-du-confinement_3905685.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">fin whales have been sighted off the city of Marseille<\/a>, while in the Pacific, killer whales have been observed near Vancouver. Are these just exceptional observations or is nature reclaiming lost territory? To be continued\u2026<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>This question comes to us via our Whales Online\u00a0Facebook page: Could the current COVID-19 pandemic affecting humans around the globe also have an impact on marine mammals? The question is a legitimate one. As we know, the agent responsible for COVID-19 is the SARS-CoV-2 virus, which belongs to the very large family of coronaviruses. However, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":31,"featured_media":45178,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[29],"tags":[1519,1530,1531],"class_list":["post-50533","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-whale-qa","tag-covid-19-en","tag-urgences-mammiferes-marins-en","tag-zoonose-en"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Are whales affected by COVID-19? - Baleines en direct<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"This question comes to us via our Whales Online\u00a0Facebook page: Could the current COVID-19 pandemic affecting humans around the globe also have an impact\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/baleinesendirect.org\/en\/are-whales-affected-by-covid-19\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Are whales affected by COVID-19? 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